Micropropagation, also known as plant tissue culture, is a powerful technique for rapidly multiplying desirable plant varieties. This article delves into the intricate world of micropropagation, exploring its principles, procedures, and extensive applications. We’ll unveil the fascinating journey of transforming tiny plant tissues into a multitude of genetically identical offspring within a controlled laboratory environment.
The bromeliad Tillandsia eizii is a striking species with large, colorful, and persistent inflorescences that can reach 1 m in length. The value of this plant as an ornamental and its importance in cultural and religious activities has led to its over-collection in the wild. Clonal propagation via tissue culture may be a means to repopulate native stands while meeting the demands for this species as an ornamental and ceremonial plant. Adventitious bud proliferation was induced from axenically germinated seedling material. Parameters evaluated were the age of explant material at the time of transfer onto bud-induction medium, the concentration of plant growth regulators, and the period of exposure to induction medium. Light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) established the origin and development of buds. Twelve-week-old seedling explants rapidly initiated adventitious buds after a 30-d induction period on shoot-initiation medium. Adventitious buds were induced in 40% of the explants placed on media with 2 mg l21 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) (8.88 mM) plus 0.1 mg l21
a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.54 mM) with some cultures becoming highly prolific after repeated subculture. Shoots elongated in proliferating cultures, and plants were successfully acclimatized and planted into the greenhouse. The results indicate that tissue culture may be used as a means to propagate this epiphytic bromeliad species, which is being seriously affected by deforestation and habitat destruction. In addition, adventitious bud proliferation can provide a means to propagate superior genotypes.
Abstract A successful protocol for high frequency callus induction and plant regeneration from Anthurium andrea- num Linden ex Andre´ cv. Tropical half-anthers is descri- bed. Different variables using Winarto and Teixeira and Murashige and Skoog basal media supplemented with several plant growth regulators [2,4-dichlorophenoxy ace- tic acid (0.1–1.0 mg/l), a-naphthalene acetic acid (0.01–0.2 mg/l), thidiazuron (0.5–2.0 mg/l), 6-benzylami- nopurine (0.5–1.0 mg/l), and kinetin (0.5–1.0 mg/l)] were tested for their ability to induce high frequency callusing in half-anthers, indirect regeneration and rooting of shoots. Basal medium, as well as the combination and concentra- tion of hormones applied, had a significant effect on callus formation, shoot regeneration and adventitious root for- mation. Winarto and Teixeira-1, an original basal medium containing 0.01 mg/l a-naphthalene acetic acid, 0.5 mg/l thidiazuron and 1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine was suit- able for callus formation while an improved basal medium i.e., New Winarto–Teixeira-3 supplemented with 0.25 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid, 0.02 mg/l a-naphthalene acetic acid, 1.5 mg/l thidiazuron and 0.75 mg/l 6-benzyl- aminopurine enhanced callus formation. High shoot regeneration and multiplication was also possible on New Winarto–Teixeira-3. Shoots formed a strong adventitious root system on New Winarto–Teixeira-3 containing. 0.2 mg/l a-naphthalene acetic acid and 1.0 mg/l kinetin. Plantlets that varied in size and performance were suc- cessfully acclimatized and adapted to ex vitro conditions. Cytological analysis of 180 acclimatized-plantlets ex vitro revealed that 34 were haploid (n = 14–18), 15 aneuploid (n = 20–26), 126 diploid (n = 28–34) and 5 triploid (n = 45–57). The potential use of this protocol for devel- oping half-anther culture of other Anthurium species or cultivars is discussed.
Within the family Araceae, Anthurium is the largest, most morphologically diverse and complex genus, consisting of approximately 1000 species. Native to Central and South America, members of Anthurium are found at elevations ranging from sea level to 3000 m, most commonly in cloud forests at 1500m (Croat 1986). Plants of this herbaceaous perennial monocot are terrestrial or epiphytic. Typical of the aroids is the spadix, consisting of a multitude of unobtrusive true flowers supported by a fleshy axil. The protogynous nature of the bisexual flowers in Anthurium favors cross-pollination. The commercial flower is a combination of the spadix and a colorful modified leaf, termed spathe. Attractive foliage of some species makes anthuriums also suitable for leaf harvest and cultivation as a potted plant.
Anthuriums, with their captivating flowers and glossy leaves, are stars of the indoor plant world. But have you ever wondered how nurseries cultivate such an abundance of these tropical beauties? The answer lies in a specialized technique called tissue culture. This article explores the world of tissue culture propagation for anthuriums, guiding you through the process and its advantages.